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In 1659, Dutch physicist and astronomer Christiaan Huygens designed and built the first working prototype of the magic lantern (laterna magica). Developed in The Hague, this early optical projection device utilized a concave mirror, a light source (such as a candle or oil lamp), and painted glass slides to project images onto a screen or wall. Huygens' invention marked the birth of projected media, establishing a foundational technology that would eventually evolve into the modern slide projector, overhead projector, and cinema.